| Dersin Amacı | Bilişim teknolojilerine dair çeşitli kavramların öğrenilmesi ve yorumlanıp tartışılabilmesi |
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| Dersin İçeriği | Bilişim teknolojilerinin sunduğu yeni kavramlar ve bunların yol açtığı sosyo-ekonomik olguların ve olanakların kavranması, yorumlanması ve tartışılması için her dönem güncellenebilecek başlıklarda öğrencilerin okuma, araştırma ve sunum yapması, metin yazılması ve sınıf ortamında bu kavram ve olguların tartışılması |
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| Ders Kitabı / Malzemesi / Önerilen Kaynaklar | - Aşağıdaki verilen okuma listesinden, her dönemki sınıf kontenjanı ve seviyesine göre belirlenecek bazı metinlerin okunması beklenmetedir. Diğer metinlerin okunması teriche bağlıdır.
- “Özgür Yazılım: Özgürlük ve İşbirliği”Richard Stallman, 2001, gnu.orghttp://www.gnu.org/philosophy/rms-nyu-2001-transcript.tr.html 2001 tarihli bir konuşmanın deşifre metni. Konuya giriş için iyi bir metin. Uzun fakat okuması kolay ve özgür yazılım felsefesi ve yaklaşımı ile ilgili birçok konuyu yer veriyor.
- Introduction to the Open Source Movement“The Cathedral and The Bazaar” by Eric Raymond is a seminal essay for the open source movement, where he highlights the practical advantages of the open source development model of the Linux kernel initiated by Linus Torvalds, through his experience of the fetchmail project, to which he applies Linus Torvalds software development methodology. Raymond also criticizes GNU Project’s free software development model and the positive reception of the essay in the business world leads to the introduction of the open source movement by some hackers in the free software movement creating two camps in the community. Another text by Raymond, ”A Brief History of Hackerdom” gives a summary of the hacker history as a background for the free software and open source software movements.Reference book:Raymond, S. Eric. The Cathedral and The Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Revised Edition, Cambridge: O’Reilly and Associates, 2011Available under Open Publication LicenseDownload Link:Eric Raymond keeps updating the texts in this book and hosts most up to date version in various digital formats on his website:http://www.catb.org/esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/Parts to read on catb.org website:-”Introduction: Why You Should Care”XHTML: http://www.catb.org/esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/introduction/or as a .ps file:Postscript: http://www.catb.org/esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/introduction/introduction.ps-”A Brief History of Hackerdom”XHTML: http://www.catb.org/esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/hacker-history/and all sections of the title linked from that page. All parts are also available in a single .ps file:Postscript: http://www.catb.org/esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/hacker-history/hacker-history.ps-”The Cathedral and the Bazaar”XHTML: http://www.catb.org/esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/cathedral-bazaar/and all sections of the title linked from that page. All parts are also available in a single .ps file:Postscript: http://www.catb.org/esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/cathedral-bazaar/cathedral-bazaar.psAdditional text to read by Eric Raymond:-’Goodbye, "free software"; hello, "open source”’http://www.catb.org/~esr/open-source.htmlNote:Do not spend much time on trying to understand the technical details mentioned in the texts but instead concentrate on the politics, methodology and other aspects of the open source development model and compare them to the free software movement.Optional Further Reading:For a history of hackers in the USA (until 1982), much detailed than Raymond’s ”A Brief History of Hackerdom”. This is also a seminal book for the hacker culture.Levy, Steven. Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution. Cambridge: O’Reilly Media. 2010
- Practical and Social Dimensions of Open Source SoftwareFollowing the success of the essay "The Cathedral and the Bazaar", Eric S. Raymond wrote "Homesteading the Noosphere", where he explores the governance and property relations in open source software development, as well as the customs and the motivations of hackers, relating these to the social theories, such as gift culture.Reference book:Raymond, S. Eric. The Cathedral and The Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Revised Edition, Cambridge: O’Reilly and Associates, 2011Available under Open Publication LicenseDownload Link:Eric Raymond keeps updating the texts in this book and hosts most up to date version in various digital formats on his website:http://www.catb.org/esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/Parts to read on catb.org website:-"Homesteading the Noosphere"XHTML: http://www.catb.org/~esr/writings/homesteading/homesteading/and all sections of the title linked from that page. All parts are also available in a single .ps file:Postscript: http://www.catb.org/esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/homesteading/homesteading.ps
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Commons-based peer productionYochai Benkler published the article “Coase's Penguin, or, Linux and ‘The Nature of the Firm.’” in 2002 in Yale Law Journal and coined the term "commons-based peer production" to conceptualize the production mode of free and open source software and other projects which involve the cooperation of masses through internet and compares the management of these projects to the conventional management models of the firms. Based on the ideas in this essay, he published the book "The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms Markets and Freedom" in 2006.Reference book:Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006.Parts to read from the book and the links:the book and related resources are available under CC BY SA NC at https://cyber.harvard.edu/wealth_of_networks/Main_PageHTML version with links to the PDF versions of th chapters is available under CC BY SA NC athttp://www.congo-education.net/wealth-of-networks/parts to read:pages 2-5 in chapter 1, "Chapter 1 Introduction: A Moment of Opportunity and Challenge" and "The Emergence of the Networked Information Economy"http://www.congo-education.net/wealth-of-networks/ch-01.pdfthe last paragraph for the section "The Stakes of It All: The Battle Over the Institutional Ecology of the Digital Environment" in Chapter 1, page 18http://www.congo-education.net/wealth-of-networks/ch-01.pdfpages 2-5 for the introduction to chapter 2: "Chapter 2 Some Basic Economics of Information Production and Innovation"http://www.congo-education.net/wealth-of-networks/ch-02.pdfpages 2-22, all of Chapter 3 "Peer Production and Sharing", however you may skip pages 15-22 for the section "Sharing of Processing, Storage, and Communications Platforms", which is optional reading.http://www.congo-education.net/wealth-of-networks/ch-03.pdf
- Peer production and p2p theoryMichel Bauwens published "The Political Economy of Peer Production" in 2005, where he developed a p2p theory based on the peer-to-peer practices and their potential for socioeconomic change, introducing the concepts peer production, peer governance, and peer property. Bauwens co-founded P2P Foundation: The Foundation for Peer to Peer Alternatives and has been working on the theory and impact of peer-to-peer approach.Reference text:Bauwens, Michel. "The Political Economy of Peer Production". CTheory, 1000 Days of Theory: td026, 1.12.2005. http://www.ctheory.net/articles.aspx?id=499Link to the text:HTML version at P2P Foundation website available under CC BY SAhttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/Political_Economy_of_Peer_ProductionPDF version at CTheory website available under copyright of CTheory.http://www.ctheory.net/printer.aspx?id=499
- CrowdsourcingJeff Howe wrote "The Rise of Crowdsourcing" for Wired magazine in 2006, where he introduced the term "crowdsourcing" to describe business practices making use of crowds for some tasks, instead of "outsourcing" them. This practice may look similar to (commons-based) peer production in terms of involvement of masses in the production through internet but differs fundamentally in terms of organization, property and governance relations.Reference text:Howe, Jeff. "The Rise of Crowdsourcing." Wired Magazine 14, no. 6 (2006). https://www.wired.com/2006/06/crowds/Link to the text:HTML version available at Wired website under copyright of Condé Nas. https://www.wired.com/2006/06/crowds/The link above currently requires subscription but it is available online through The Internet Archive Wayback Machine without subscription: https://web.archive.org/web/20151028232825/https://www.wired.com/2006/06/crowds/
- Platform Cooperativism, Challenging the “Sharing Economy”Trebor Scholz coined the term “platform cooperativism” in 2014 as a critique of and a “positive alternative” to what is commonly referred to as the “sharing economy”. He co-organized the conference “Platform Cooperativism: The Internet, Ownership, Democracy” with Nathan Schneider in 2015 and outlined the results of the conference in “PLATFORM COOPERATIVISM: Challenging the Corporate Sharing Economy”. “Sharing economy” is criticized here from the perspective of precarity and “platform cooperativism” proposes an alternative framework where the workers themselves own and govern the platforms.Platform Cooperativism vs. the Sharing EconomyTrebor Scholz, 2014https://medium.com/@trebors/platform-cooperativism-vs-the-sharing-economy-2ea737f1b5ad#.575nndfdqPLATFORM COOPERATIVISM: Challenging the Corporate Sharing EconomyBy Trebor Scholz, 2016https://rosalux.nyc/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/RLS-NYC_platformcoop.pdf
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